By R. Hill

Written by way of one of many leaders within the box and primary released in 1950, this publication is still a vintage remedy of the mathematical concept of plastic materials.

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Extra resources for The mathematical theory of plasticity

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G. 150/S). In this way, better balanced textured yarns were obtained. False-twist method The previously described process fell into disuse owing to the numerous operations involved, to its low productivity and to consequent high production costs. Around mid 50's, a new process proved to be suited to carry out in a single stage (in continuous) the various operations previously performed separately. This process is based on the principle of providing the yarn with a false-twist. If we imagine to take a piece of yarn, to block its two ends and to rotate it in one direction by sliding it at an intermediate point between the thumb and index of our hand, the yarn segments 37 placed respectively upstream and downstream that point will receive a twist characterized by a same number of turns, but showing opposite direction.

Following scheme shows a general classification of the various processes. mechanical cold air-jet thermo-mechanical other mechanical processes from bicomponent yarns through twist twist/heatset/ detwist thermo-chemical false-twist* twist (two-ply yarn) without twist compression chamber Knit Deknit single oven (stretch yarns) from steam-set yarns blade crimping warm air-jet gear crimping double oven (fixed/bulked yarns) *from drawn yarn (FDY) or partially drawn yarn (draw-textured POY) Fig. 55 Scheme of the various texturing processes Textured yarns are in general termed on basis of their production process.

Through the twist-texturing process, following yarns can be obtained: • Highly elastic yarns (stretch yarns), characterized by high crimp elongation (extensibility) and high crimp contraction; in the case of false-twist process, they are produced by means of an oven and are named FT (False-twist) yarns. • Set yarns (bulked yarns), characterized by low crimp elongation and low crimp contraction; in the case of false-twist process, they are produced by means of two ovens and are named FTF (False-Twist Fixed) yarns.

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